Abstract

Motivational interviewing (MI) is an evidenced-based, client-centered collaborative therapeutic method of enhancing motivation for change through the resolution of ambivalence. MI was developed in the field of addictions and has grown into a widely applied behavioural intervention. While it can be a stand-alone intervention, MI may also be used as a springboard for motivation before starting health treatment or to address dips in motivation throughout treatment. MI research have primarily centered on the study of adults, with studies of its effectiveness for youth and children focusing on adolescent and pre-adolescent youth rather than preschool or elementary aged children. The lack of direct study with young children was due to the requirement for some degree of abstract reasoning to conduct MI. However, recent evidence shows that it is possible to translate MI theory and practice into childfriendly language which is understandable and meaningful to younger children. Using MI-based materials specifically aimed at young people and making appropriate and flexible adaptations to the activities help to enable positive outcomes for the children. The purpose of this paper was to provide core principles of MI and the current knowledge on its developmental appropriateness and effectiveness for children and adolescents.